Quotation of the Day…

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… is from page 88 of my late, great colleague Walter Williams’s 2011 book, Race & Economics: How much can be blamed on discrimination? (footnotes deleted; ellipses original to Williams):

Said Marcus Garvey, in urging blacks to undercut union wages as a means to employment and combating union racism, “the only convenient friend the Negro worker or laborer has in America at the present time is the white capitalist.” Similarly, in 1924, Howard University’s Professor Kelly Miller urged blacks to “stand shoulder to shoulder with the captains of industry” in opposition to labor unions. J.E. Bruce wrote that unions were a “greedy, grasping, ruthless, intolerant, overbearing, dictatorial combination of half-educated white men…. I am against them because they are against the Negro.” Both Frederick Douglas and Booker T. Washington were lifelong foes of unions.

DBx: Were Walter (1936-2020) still alive, he would today celebrate his 86th birthday.