… is from page 75 of Richard Epstein’s monumental 1985 volume, Takings (footnote excluded):
Any restriction that in form restricts only disposition by the owner perforce limits the rights of others to acquire property in exchange for their cash, property, and perhaps labor.
DBx: Exchange – trade – is by nature two-sided. Governments typically peddle their trade obstructions to the general public as obstructions imposed only on some demonized party, such as “foreigners.” But in fact any obstruction on a seller to sell is necessarily also an obstruction on a buyer to buy.
Americans who cheer – or who even tolerate – Uncle Sam obstructing non-Americans’ abilities to sell goods and services to Americans are unwittingly cheering (or at least tolerating) Uncle Sam’s obstructions on Americans’ abilities to buy goods and services.


Any restriction that in form restricts only disposition by the owner perforce limits the rights of others to acquire property in exchange for their cash, property, and perhaps labor.
