… is from page 133 of Norbert Michel’s excellent 2025 book, Crushing Capitalism: How Populist Policies are Threatening the American Dream; it’s the conclusion of his data-rich book:
Economic freedom is the sturdiest ladder out of poverty. Extensive government involvement in the market, whether under the name of industrial policy or central planning, destroys the ladder.


Economic freedom is the sturdiest ladder out of poverty. Extensive government involvement in the market, whether under the name of industrial policy or central planning, destroys the ladder.
